История России в картинах

Historian and teacher Knyazkov, Sergei Alexandrovich (1873-1920) was invited by Knebel to compose a plan, edit, write an explanatory text for "Pictures of Russian History." Knyazkov selected 50 stories reflecting the characteristic moments of the history of Russia. They, according to the customs of the then periodization, were divided into 4 epochs:

Original drawing for No. 5: Ivan Bilibin . "The Court in the Times of the Russian Truth"

Original drawing for No. 35: Valentin Serov . "Peter the Great"

1. Kievan Rus
2. Suzdal Rus
3. Moscow Rus
4. All-Russian Russia

The first 3 periods were given mainly to Moscow artists (S.V. Ivanov, Vasnetsov brothers, Kustodiev), and the last to Petersburgers (Benoit, Kardovsky, Lansere, Dobuzhinsky, Chambers).

"After working for more than 25 years with a dozen different publishers, I must admit that among them IN Knebel was a glaring exception: he did not pursue commercial interests and often directly in spite of them, he enthusiastically gave himself to the idea that seized him, especially in the field of popularizing art in wide circles. "Igor Grabar

Sources: https: //ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BD%D0%B5%D ; https://dikc.academic.ru/dic.nsf/ruwiki/1507534 ; http: //www.raruss.ru/russe-moderne/3840-zvorykin-p ...

One of the remarkable pages of the artistic and publishing business and the educational and educational activities of Russia at the beginning of the twentieth century is connected with the name of the Moscow book publisher IN Knebel.

Knebel Joseph Nikolaevich (1854 - 1926) - Russian publisher and book seller, the founder of the first in Russia specialized publishing house on fine arts. He was a supporter of a visual method of teaching, a propagandist of advanced pedagogical views. The school allowances he issued became an example not only for Russians, but also for foreign publishers. They, in the first place, include "Paintings on Russian History", published in 1908 - 1913 years.

The idea of ​​the publication appeared as if in response to the Leipzig release of a series of paintings for school teaching compiled by the German cultural historian A. Lehmann. I wanted to do better, more precisely, and most importantly - for my own, Russian, young reader-viewer. Knebel attracted to the work of the famous historian and teacher SA Knyazkov, who compiled the plan and wrote an explanatory text for each picture.

It was selected more than 50 stories, reflecting the characteristic periods of Russian history: Kiev, Vladimir-Suzdal, Moscow, and, finally, all-Russian. But who is involved in writing the original historical paintings? Here Knebel showed a high taste and great competence, as evidenced by the list of authors - the best then masters of both Russian capitals. Muscovites Sergey Ivanov, Apollinariy and Victor Vasnetsovs, Boris Kustodiev illustrated the first three periods, the fourth - St. Petersburg's Alexander Benois, Dmitry Kardovsky, Eugene Lansere, Mikhail Dobuzhinsky and Vladimir Chambers. Famous painter and teacher S. Ivanov made the most significant contribution to the publication, having completed 18 (!) Historical paintings. A. Benois and D. Kardovsky created seven works.

The first of the artists, with whom Knebel shared the idea, was V. Serov. He became the author of the most famous picture of the series "Peter the Great (Peter the Great)", Academician IE Grabar wrote about her: "We did not see such a genuine Peter before ... The school painting by the power of happy inspiration turned almost into a mural". ( http: //www.parents-tale.ru/tradicii/kartiny-po-rus ... )

Until now, the originals created by the artists for the Knebel edition have been preserved, and they have gone to museums. Rarely were the Knebel reproductions from these paintings. The whole edition was preserved only in the State Historical Museum. Each reproduction is accompanied by a detailed description.

ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЙ ЖАНР- жанр изобразительного искусства, посвящённый историческим событиям и деятелям. Обращённый в основном к прошлому, исторический жанр включает также изображения недавних событий, историческое значение которых признано современниками. Значимость запечатлённого события позволяет разграничивать собственно исторический жанр и произведения на исторические темы, близкие бытовому жанру.

Основные виды произведений исторического жанра - исторические картины, росписи, рельефы, монументальная и станковая скульптура, миниатюра, книжная и станковая графика. Исторический жанр часто переплетается с другими жанрами: портретом (изображения деятелей прошлого, портретно-исторические композиции), пейзажем («исторический пейзаж»). Особенно тесно с историческим жанром смыкается батальный жанр - в тех случаях, когда раскрывается исторический смысл военных событий. Изображаемые реальные исторические события насыщались мифологическими, библейскими, аллегорическими персонажами, получали легендарное истолкование. Эволюция исторического жанра обусловлена не только сменой художественных стилей, но и развитием исторических воззрений, социально-политических взглядов, а периоды его подъёма связаны с усилением социальных, национальных и государственных конфликтов, возникновением новых общественных движений.

Источник: http://knowledge.su/i/istoricheskiy-zhanr

Идея этого проекта – рассказать об истории России через картины русских и зарубежных художников. Почему иногда живописная историческая картина может сказать больше, чем словесный рассказ о событии?